In, a control method has been introduced based on minimizing energy generation and energy losses. The simulation results prove the good performance of the proposed method in reducing the operating costs in the microgrid. In the proposed model, EV owners can participate in the demand response program by changing their driving schedule. The microgrid consist of renewable energy sources and EV parking lots. In, a new demand response-based model is proposed for a microgrid energy management. Following this challenge, a promising horizon in the name of the smart grid is presented to address these concerns in the energy distribution network. On the other hand, the huge number of vehicles in the grid due to demand for power can challenge grid control and exploitation. In addition, the ability to inject electric power into the grid can provide some valuable services, such as spinning reserve, power supply at peak load and frequency setting. In this way, the vehicle owners can earn profit by selling extra electricity to the network by using the Vehicle 2 Grid (V2G) technology. When a vehicle is not used for moving, it can be connected to the grid at peak time in order to feed the grid and increase the reliability of the smart grid. The optimization results confirm better performance of the proposed algorithm compared to GA and PSO algorithms.Īn EV can be operated as a controllable load. The optimization results by the proposed ICA algorithm are compared with the results of genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarming optimization (PSO) algorithms. The MG operation cost is decreased about 63%. The simulation results proved the effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, the results of the two scenarios are reviewed separately and compared. Therefore, energy management should be done in such a way as to minimize operating costs according to the charging status of electric vehicles as well as the production capacity of distributed generation sources. The PLs are divided into seven group that each group has different trip behavior. A 24-h scheduling for participation in DG units and electric vehicles PLs in two scenarios is done. Nabla button select dimension of texture area where the gradient is calculated.In this paper, a modified version of Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) is proposed for the optimal energy management of a Microgrid (MG) with Parking Lots (PL) and Distributed Generation (DG) units. But be careful, you must make many adjustments to find the "right" value for nice twisting! Nabla is set to 0.014. Composed with high a high keys value this gives beautiful twisting effect. With help of mathematics Blender calculates the speed vector from the texture. "Grad" means the gradient of the texture. In this tutorial we use last option: Grad. Red is for x component of speed, Green for Y and Blue for Z component. In option RGB Blender calculate speed and movement of particles according color of texture. Int is default settings for particle systems. You have the option to choose between: Int ,RGB and Grad. This will make the particles fall down.Ī very important thing is setting Blenders animation system. With this value particles will not spread too much. As I mentioned before this value makes the particles "listen" to the texture. Because we use a texture to determine the particle movement set Tex to 2. Keys are very important when we must have fluid particle movement, so set Keys to 32. For the first and last frame we use value:1 to 250.Life is set to 86. In the default scene apply a new material to the Plane and use this picture as texture (it's packed in the blend file). This picture will "tell" the particles to follow the shape of letter, which creates a very interesting effect. Let it be black texture with big white letter "B" in the middle. Make it in any graphic program like Gimp or Photoshop. I will divide this tutorial in two parts: in the first part I will tell you how to get "solid" particle movement, and in the second how to make particles go in the turbulence using texture.įirst of all you need a texture. This unique Blender feature use the eighth texture channel to calculate the particles movement. I want to teach you how to command particles where to go. You can give every family of particles a different material, make fireworks, use static particles for hair and plants and give them a shadow. Blend files with particles are small because particles are of a procedural nature, but you need more computer power to preview the scene in real-time. You can use them in any segment of animation.
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